Description- Chalk soils are identified not so much by the soil itself as the inclusion of large quantities of pieces of chalk or limestone (calcium carbonate), which makes the soil very alkaline. You probably won't be able to dig down very far in them before you come to a layer of more rocks than soil.

Problems- Chalk is a solid, soft rock that breaks down easily. It is very free draining, and chalky soils hold little water and dry out easily. Chalky soils are fertile, but many of the nutrients such as iron and manganese are not available to plants because of the high alkalinity of the soil, which prevents the absorption of iron by plant roots plants - this in turn causes poor growth and yellowing of leaves. A soil test should be preformed prior to taking any corrective action.  If the soil is found to be alkaline then  Espoma Soil Acidifier or Espoma Garden Sulfur can be used as a soil amendment to quickly and safely lower soil pH.

Improving Soil Structure- Chalky soil like with all other soils; adding soil improvers, Soil Optimizers, Rich Earth , Espoma Soil Perfector and organic matter will help. Organic matter tends to decompose quickly in alkaline soils and so needs replacing regularly, annually or more. Without regular additions of extra organic matter, chalky soils rapidly turn to mud in winter and rock-hard in summer.

Raised Beds- It is extremely difficult and expensive to change the soil pH. You are better off to grow plants suitable to alkaline soils or built raised beds where feasible.
 

Conculsion- Any soil type can be productive if handled appropriately. Organic matter improves all soils. Any organic substance - compost, leafmold, well-rotted manure, Organic Tradition Garden Manure, wood and bark chippings, feathers - will in time turn your basic soil type into a darker, crumbly soil. This is known as the soil structure, and it is under your control. You can dig in organic matter or lay it on top as mulch. Rich organic matter (for example manure) is ideal for dry, ‘hungry’ soils (such as sand). 

Dry, fibrous organic matter (such as composted bark) might be better on clay, which is already rich and wet. Whatever you use, it is best applied when well rotted, and added at least twice a year for maximum benefit. Organic matter improves the drainage and workability of clay, and the water- and nutrient-holding capacity of sands, silts and chalky soils.